What landmarks is Iraq famous for?

Iraq boasts a rich history reflected in its many landmarks. Ancient sites like the ruins of Babylon, with its iconic Ishtar Gate, are incredibly significant. In Mosul, the Great Mosque of al-Nuri with its leaning minaret, sadly destroyed, remains a potent symbol. The ancient city of Hatra, a UNESCO World Heritage site, showcases impressive Parthian architecture. In the south, the marshes of southern Iraq, a unique ecosystem, are also a significant landmark, though access may be restricted depending on security conditions. Many other historical sites and mosques are found throughout the country.

What are the best apartments in Iraq?

Among the apartments in Iraq, Andalus Hotel , Hayali Boutique Hotel and Cozy Aprt - Erbil are the most popular ones.

What are the primary airports located in Iraq?

Baghdad International Airport (BGW) is the main international airport, serving as the primary gateway for most international flights. Other significant airports include Basra International Airport (BSR) in the south and Erbil International Airport (EBL) in the Kurdistan Region. Smaller airports exist, but these three are the most commonly used by international travellers.

What are the best apartments with a pool in Iraq?

Diamond: In The Centre Of The Golden Zone , Your Stay Here Will Be Memorable and Apartment In Mbd Building are the best apartments with a pool in Iraq.

Which currency is accepted in Iraq?

The Iraqi dinar (IQD) is the official currency of Iraq. While US dollars are sometimes accepted in larger hotels and businesses, it's always best to have Iraqi dinars on hand, especially for smaller transactions and in local markets. Exchange bureaus are widely available in cities.

What are the best apartments with a jacuzzi in Iraq?

The best apartments with a jacuzzi in Iraq are Spacious - Bohemian Style Home , Lovely And Simple Rental Unit and One-bedroom Apartment+ Kingsize .

Would you recommend driving as a mode of transport in Iraq?

Driving in Iraq can be challenging. Road conditions vary greatly, and security considerations are paramount. For most travellers, relying on organised transport, such as taxis or pre-arranged private drivers, is strongly recommended. Public transport is available in major cities, but it may not always be reliable or comfortable for tourists.

What are the best apartments for families and kids in Iraq?

The best apartments for families and kids in Iraq are Andalus Hotel , Hayali Boutique Hotel and 40 Sqm - Studio Apartment # 102 .

What cultural practices should visitors respect when visiting Iraq?

Respectful dress is important, particularly when visiting religious sites. Women should consider covering their heads and shoulders. Modest clothing is generally appreciated. It's important to be mindful of local customs and traditions, and to show respect for religious practices. Asking permission before taking photographs of people is always a good idea. Learning a few basic Arabic phrases will also be well-received.

What are the best pet friendly apartments in Iraq?

The best pet friendly apartments in Iraq are 78 Sqm - 1 Bedroom Apt # 304 Karada , Cozy Apartment 2br Downtown Mansour City and One Bedroom Apt In Abu Nawas # 104 .

What annual festivals put Iraq on the map?

While many local festivals are celebrated throughout the year, Iraq's major festivals are often tied to religious observances. These include Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, significant Islamic holidays. These are times of community celebration, but their exact dates vary according to the lunar calendar.

What are the best apartments with parking in Iraq?

Andalus Hotel , Hayali Boutique Hotel and Cozy Aprt - Erbil are the best apartments with parking in Iraq.

Are ride-hailing apps like Uber or local equivalents available in Iraq?

Uber is not widely available in Iraq. However, local ride-hailing apps and services are emerging, particularly in larger cities like Baghdad and Erbil. It's advisable to research local options before your trip and ensure they are safe and reputable.

Where are the best places to stay for a week in Iraq?

For a week-long stay, considering diverse experiences is key. Baghdad offers historical sites and bustling markets. Erbil, in the Kurdistan region, provides a different cultural experience with a more modern feel. Exploring both areas could be ideal, allowing for a balanced experience of Iraqi culture and history. Accommodation options range from international hotels to more locally-owned guesthouses.

Which areas are ideal for a weekend getaway in Iraq?

A weekend getaway could focus on either Baghdad or Erbil. Baghdad allows for exploration of its historical sites and museums, while Erbil presents a more modern city with a vibrant atmosphere. Choosing one location allows for a more in-depth exploration within a short time frame. Remember to check security advisories before finalising your plans.

Iraq Holiday Apartments and Self Catering

10 1 review

Iraq

09/07 – 11/07

SG$78/nighttotal: SG$156 (2 )

Lejlighed Centralt

1 2

apartment , Dokan

This one-bedroom flat in Dokan is located 100 metres from Dukan Lake and directly opposite supermarkets on the main Sulaymaniyah/Rania road.
This property offers air conditioning throughout, a balcony with water and mountain views, and accommodates up to four guests, with an additional apartment available for larger groups.

Iraq

07/07 – 20/07

SG$139/nighttotal: SG$1807 (13 )

Mountain View Garden Villa In Mergapan

1 7

apartment , Gouvernorat d'As-Sulaymaniya

This 140 m² family-friendly apartment is located in Mergapan, Sulaymaniyah, offering immediate access to the natural beauty of the Daban and Piramagrun mountains, approximately 2 kilometers away.
This fully furnished dwelling boasts an open-plan living area, accommodates up to 10 guests across 2 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms, and includes a private garden of 1,300 m², air conditioning, and parking.

10 15 reviews

Iraq

22/11 – 22/12

SG$88/nighttotal: SG$2640 (30 )

The Pearl اللؤلؤة

1 3

apartment , Bagdad

This three-bedroom apartment, situated in Baghdad's Yarmouk district, offers convenient access to various landmarks within the area, though precise distances depend on the specific location within the district.
The 3-bathroom property sleeps four guests and features a fully equipped open-plan kitchen, air conditioning, parking, and internet access; making it ideal for families or business travellers seeking comfortable self-catering accommodation in a relatively safe and tranquil part of Baghdad.

10 7 reviews

Iraq

27/06 – 04/07

SG$192/nighttotal: SG$1344 (7 )

A House For Exciting Andrelaxing Mud House

1 2

apartment , Choman

This apartment is located in a peaceful neighbourhood in Choman, just a short walk from the bustling central market and the serene Choman River. It's also within easy reach of the city's main attractions, making it an ideal base for exploring the area.
The apartment features one bedroom and one bathroom, comfortably accommodating up to 10 guests. It comes equipped with air conditioning, a kitchen, and parking, making it a convenient and comfortable option for families and groups.

9.5 8 reviews

Iraq

01/07 – 31/07

SG$92/nighttotal: SG$2760 (30 )

2 Bedroom Apt In Harthya 1st Flr

2 2

apartment , Bagdad

This modern flat is located in a desirable neighbourhood in central Baghdad, just a short walk from both Kindi and Zaytoun Streets, offering easy access to shops, restaurants and cultural attractions. The surrounding area is lively yet peaceful, providing a safe and comfortable environment for travellers.
The apartment has two bedrooms and one bathroom, comfortably accommodating up to four guests. It is fully equipped with a kitchen, air conditioning, a garden, parking and high-speed Wi-Fi, as well as a dedicated workspace for those needing to work remotely.

Iraq

27/06 – 04/07

SG$1215/nighttotal: SG$8505 (7 )

Premier Tigris Waterfront Villa: Secure Compound

20 15

apartment , Bagdad

This secure, self-sufficient estate, offering private riverfront accommodation, is situated directly on the Tigris River banks in Baghdad's prestigious Jadriyah/Arasat al-Hindiya district.
This luxury villa, with 8 bedrooms and 15 bathrooms, accommodates 16 guests and features a private 18x7 meter swimming pool, on-site gym, laundry facilities, and four garden caravans, providing direct access to 50 meters of private riverfront.

10 2 reviews

Iraq

27/06 – 04/07

SG$209/nighttotal: SG$1463 (7 )

Apartment In Basra

1 2

apartment , Bassorah

This centrally located flat in Basrah offers easy access to the Shatt al-Arab waterway and is 70 kilometres from the historical Al-Qurnah region, with the Basrah Museum a short distance away.
This modern one-bedroom flat accommodates two guests and features air conditioning, internet, and parking, providing a stylish base for exploring Basrah's commercial and cultural centres.

10 4 reviews

Iraq

22/11 – 22/12

SG$176/nighttotal: SG$5280 (30 )

شقة Ashur مريحة في موقع هادئ و مميز في الكرادة

1 3

apartment , Bagdad

This Ashur Residences apartment is located in Baghdad's Karada/Al-Alawiya district, close to the Tigris River and within easy reach of numerous restaurants, cafes, and shopping centres.
The two-bedroom, one-bathroom flat sleeps five guests and features a kitchen equipped with a fridge, freezer, and microwave, air conditioning, parking, and internet access; enjoy nearby recreational opportunities along the Tigris.

9.3 6 reviews

Iraq

27/06 – 04/07

SG$106/nighttotal: SG$742 (7 )

Alsajjad Tower

1 2

apartment , Karbala

This apartment is ideally situated in a central district of Karbala, just a short walk from the city's main attractions. The surrounding area is lively and offers a range of amenities for visitors, and the apartment has consistently received excellent ratings from previous guests for its cleanliness, location and overall experience.
The apartment is perfect for couples or solo travellers, and has a well-equipped kitchen with a fridge. It also has air conditioning, parking and Wi-Fi, ensuring a comfortable and convenient stay.

10 5 reviews

Iraq

24/12 – 08/01

SG$148/nighttotal: SG$2220 (15 )

4 Bedroom Apartment In Golden Area

1 1

apartment , Erbil

This four-bedroom, two-bathroom flat in central Erbil offers excellent access to key areas, placing you within 1 kilometre of the Citadel of Erbil and the Erbil Grand Bazaar, ideal for families and spontaneous exploration.
This Erbil apartment accommodates up to 15 guests and includes essential amenities such as internet, air conditioning, a kitchen, a jacuzzi, and parking, with easy access to local attractions and restaurants.

9.5 26 reviews

Iraq

01/09 – 30/09

SG$80/nighttotal: SG$2320 (29 )

Beautiful House In Mansour

1 2

apartment , Bagdad

This family-friendly Baghdad apartment, perfect for a relaxing stay, is located in [Insert District Name, if known; otherwise, remove this bracketed section and the following comma], [Insert distance and direction to a landmark, e.g., 5km west of the National Museum of Iraq].
The 2-bedroom, 1-bathroom flat sleeps 4 guests and includes a kitchen with fridge-freezer, air conditioning, internet access, garden, and parking; further details regarding specific amenities and the property's precise size are unavailable.

9.7 6 reviews

Iraq

01/07 – 31/07

SG$76/nighttotal: SG$2280 (30 )

1 Bedrom Apt /Outer Karadah #306

1 2

apartment , Bagdad

This centrally located Baghdad flat, a ten-minute (approximately 6.2km) drive from major tourist sites such as the National Museum of Iraq, offers a convenient base for exploring the city.
The one-bedroom apartment sleeps three, includes a garden, parking, air conditioning, internet access, and a kitchen with fridge-freezer, providing comfortable accommodation for your Baghdad stay.

Best family friendly Iraq Holiday Apartments and Self Catering Accommodations

Among the 760 accommodations in Iraq, here are the 4 best family friendly holiday apartments

9.8 33 reviews

Iraq

09/07 – 11/07

SG$120/nighttotal: SG$240 (2 )

One Bedroom Apt In Abu Nawas # 104

1 2

apartment , Bagdad

This studio apartment is conveniently located in a safe neighbourhood in central Baghdad, offering easy access to the city's attractions. The surrounding area is peaceful and provides a sense of security.
The self-contained apartment has a separate bedroom and a designated office space, suitable for couples. It comes equipped with a washing machine, a refrigerator, and air conditioning, ensuring a comfortable stay.

9.9 19 reviews

Iraq

06/09 – 12/09

SG$122/nighttotal: SG$732 (6 )

2 Bedrooms 70 Sqm, In Harthya # 402

1 2

apartment , Bagdad

This two-bedroom Baghdad apartment is ideally situated between Zaytoun and Kindi streets, offering easy access to a major shopping mall and numerous restaurants within walking distance.
The 2-bathroom dwelling sleeps four guests and boasts modern amenities including air conditioning, a fully equipped kitchen (fridge, freezer, microwave), internet access, and private parking, plus a garden.

9.8 50 reviews

Iraq

01/09 – 01/10

SG$85/nighttotal: SG$2550 (30 )

مشتمل في اجمل منطقة في بغداد

1 2

apartment , Bagdad

This Baghdad apartment, centrally located for easy access to the city's major attractions, offers a peaceful retreat.
The one-bedroom, one-bathroom flat sleeps four guests and includes a kitchen, air conditioning, internet, and parking; further details on specific amenities and proximity to landmarks are unavailable.

9.4 7 reviews

Iraq

30/06 – 20/07

SG$136/nighttotal: SG$2720 (20 )

110 Sqm Two Bedrooms Apt# 105

1 5

apartment , Bagdad

This two-bedroom flat is situated in central Baghdad, just a short walk from the lively Karrada district, known for its bustling markets and restaurants. The apartment is on the first floor of a building without a lift.
The flat is ideal for families, with enough space for up to five guests. It has a modern kitchen with a fridge, freezer, and microwave, as well as air conditioning, a garden, parking, and internet access.

Top cities

Best Holiday Apartments and Self Catering Accommodations in Iraq with a pool

Among the 760 accommodations in Iraq, here are the 3 best apartments with a pool

10 3 reviews

Iraq

24/12 – 08/01

SG$316/nighttotal: SG$4740 (15 )

Mountain Nest

1 1

apartment , Shaqlawa

Mountain Nests Villa (A) is situated in Shaqlawa, just a short distance from the city centre and within easy reach of the historic Shaqlawa Citadel.
This four-bedroom villa sleeps up to 15 guests, boasting a fully equipped kitchen, a dedicated smoking room, and a private swimming pool and Jacuzzi, perfect for families or groups looking for a luxurious escape.

10 1 review

Iraq

01/09 – 01/10

SG$82/nighttotal: SG$2460 (30 )

Perfect For Family, Great Views.

1 2

apartment , Gouvernorat d'As-Sulaymaniya

This two-bedroom, one-bathroom bungalow in Sulaymaniyah offers a peaceful suburban retreat, its precise district unspecified but described as being conveniently located near city attractions, though exact distances remain unstated.
Sleeping up to six guests, the property boasts a private swimming pool, extensive gardens with fruit trees, a built-in BBQ, a traditional Kurdish bread oven, and ample outdoor space; further features include air conditioning, internet access, parking, and a fitness centre.

Iraq

27/06 – 04/07

SG$667/nighttotal: SG$4669 (7 )

Private Houses

5 15

apartment , Gouvernorat d'As-Sulaymaniya

This five-bedroom, three-bathroom apartment in Sulaymaniyah's Baranan district offers convenient proximity to City Star.
Sleeping up to 15 adults and 5 children, the property boasts a fully equipped kitchen, free Wi-Fi, private parking, air conditioning, a balcony, and a washing machine.

Frequently asked questions about apartment rentals in Iraq

What landmarks is Iraq famous for?
Iraq boasts a rich history reflected in its many landmarks. Ancient sites like the ruins of Babylon, with its iconic Ishtar Gate, are incredibly significant. In Mosul, the Great Mosque of al-Nuri with its leaning minaret, sadly destroyed, remains a potent symbol. The ancient city of Hatra, a UNESCO World Heritage site, showcases impressive Parthian architecture. In the south, the marshes of southern Iraq, a unique ecosystem, are also a significant landmark, though access may be restricted depending on security conditions. Many other historical sites and mosques are found throughout the country.
What are the best apartments in Iraq?
Among the apartments in Iraq, Andalus Hotel, Hayali Boutique Hotel and Cozy Aprt - Erbil are the most popular ones.
What are the primary airports located in Iraq?
Baghdad International Airport (BGW) is the main international airport, serving as the primary gateway for most international flights. Other significant airports include Basra International Airport (BSR) in the south and Erbil International Airport (EBL) in the Kurdistan Region. Smaller airports exist, but these three are the most commonly used by international travellers.
What are the best apartments with a pool in Iraq?
Diamond: In The Centre Of The Golden Zone, Your Stay Here Will Be Memorable and Apartment In Mbd Building are the best apartments with a pool in Iraq.
Which currency is accepted in Iraq?
The Iraqi dinar (IQD) is the official currency of Iraq. While US dollars are sometimes accepted in larger hotels and businesses, it's always best to have Iraqi dinars on hand, especially for smaller transactions and in local markets. Exchange bureaus are widely available in cities.
What are the best apartments with a jacuzzi in Iraq?
The best apartments with a jacuzzi in Iraq are Spacious - Bohemian Style Home, Lovely And Simple Rental Unit and One-bedroom Apartment+ Kingsize.
Would you recommend driving as a mode of transport in Iraq?
Driving in Iraq can be challenging. Road conditions vary greatly, and security considerations are paramount. For most travellers, relying on organised transport, such as taxis or pre-arranged private drivers, is strongly recommended. Public transport is available in major cities, but it may not always be reliable or comfortable for tourists.
What are the best apartments for families and kids in Iraq?
The best apartments for families and kids in Iraq are Andalus Hotel, Hayali Boutique Hotel and 40 Sqm - Studio Apartment # 102.
What cultural practices should visitors respect when visiting Iraq?
Respectful dress is important, particularly when visiting religious sites. Women should consider covering their heads and shoulders. Modest clothing is generally appreciated. It's important to be mindful of local customs and traditions, and to show respect for religious practices. Asking permission before taking photographs of people is always a good idea. Learning a few basic Arabic phrases will also be well-received.
What are the best pet friendly apartments in Iraq?
The best pet friendly apartments in Iraq are 78 Sqm - 1 Bedroom Apt # 304 Karada, Cozy Apartment 2br Downtown Mansour City and One Bedroom Apt In Abu Nawas # 104.
What annual festivals put Iraq on the map?
While many local festivals are celebrated throughout the year, Iraq's major festivals are often tied to religious observances. These include Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, significant Islamic holidays. These are times of community celebration, but their exact dates vary according to the lunar calendar.
What are the best apartments with parking in Iraq?
Andalus Hotel, Hayali Boutique Hotel and Cozy Aprt - Erbil are the best apartments with parking in Iraq.
Are ride-hailing apps like Uber or local equivalents available in Iraq?
Uber is not widely available in Iraq. However, local ride-hailing apps and services are emerging, particularly in larger cities like Baghdad and Erbil. It's advisable to research local options before your trip and ensure they are safe and reputable.
Where are the best places to stay for a week in Iraq?
For a week-long stay, considering diverse experiences is key. Baghdad offers historical sites and bustling markets. Erbil, in the Kurdistan region, provides a different cultural experience with a more modern feel. Exploring both areas could be ideal, allowing for a balanced experience of Iraqi culture and history. Accommodation options range from international hotels to more locally-owned guesthouses.
Which areas are ideal for a weekend getaway in Iraq?
A weekend getaway could focus on either Baghdad or Erbil. Baghdad allows for exploration of its historical sites and museums, while Erbil presents a more modern city with a vibrant atmosphere. Choosing one location allows for a more in-depth exploration within a short time frame. Remember to check security advisories before finalising your plans.

Best Iraq holiday apartments with air conditioning

Iraq

22/11 – 22/12

SG$93/nighttotal: SG$2790 (30 )

Cozy And Stylish

1 3

apartment , Karbala

This two-bedroom flat is centrally located in Karbala, offering easy access to the Holy Shrine of Imam Hussein and the Holy Shrine of Imam Abbas, both within a short 500-meter walk, and is also a brief stroll from local markets and transport links.
This well-appointed accommodation comfortably sleeps six guests and features air conditioning and a kitchen, providing a convenient base for exploring Karbala's attractions and amenities.

9.6 5 reviews

Iraq

30/06 – 20/07

SG$161/nighttotal: SG$3220 (20 )

شقة Lavella الفندقية _تجربة سكن راقية بقلب العاصمة

1 5

apartment , Bagdad

This hotel apartment is located in Al-Karrada Inside, Baghdad, just 500 meters from Abu Nu'as Street, known for its numerous cafes and restaurants.
This two-bedroom flat accommodates up to six guests and offers a fully equipped kitchen, air conditioning, and secure parking, making it ideal for families and business travellers seeking convenient Baghdad accommodation.

Iraq

27/06 – 04/07

SG$60/nighttotal: SG$420 (7 )

Address: Al-murtada Residential Complex,

3 2

apartment , An-Najaf

This three-bedroom, two-bathroom flat is situated in Al-Murtada Residential Complex, House No. 204, a peaceful and secure area near Al-Kafeel University, approximately 10 kilometres from An-Najaf's city centre.
Offering 160 square metres of living space, this never-before-occupied residence accommodates up to eight guests and includes internet, air conditioning, and a kitchen, providing a tranquil base for students, professionals, and visitors.

Iraq

27/06 – 04/07

SG$120/nighttotal: SG$840 (7 )

Simple Home

2 2

apartment , شارع

This two-bedroom flat is located on a prime street in the city centre, offering easy access to key areas and major landmarks within a 2 kilometre radius, making it an ideal base for exploring the city.
This accommodation for up to four guests includes a kitchen, air conditioning, and Wi-Fi, and is situated conveniently for navigating to and from various points of interest.

Best pet-friendly Iraq holiday apartments

Among the 760 accommodations in Iraq, here are the 4 best pet friendly holiday apartments

Iraq

27/06 – 04/07

SG$112/nighttotal: SG$784 (7 )

Luxury Apartment Near Mansour Mall

2 2

apartment , Bagdad

This newly constructed flat, available from 2026, is located near Mansour Mall in Baghdad, offering proximity to shops, restaurants, and the city's main attractions within a 500-meter radius.
This residence accommodates up to three guests with two bedrooms and one bathroom, featuring 24/7 electricity, air conditioning, a fully equipped kitchen with a microwave, and allows pets.

10 4 reviews

Iraq

30/09 – 11/10

SG$213/nighttotal: SG$2343 (11 )

No; 501 Pretty 2 Bedroom Rental Unit

1 2

apartment , Adla

This flat is located in a peaceful neighbourhood in central Adla, just a short walk from several of the city’s main landmarks. It has consistently received excellent ratings for location, cleanliness, and overall experience.
The two-bedroom property comfortably sleeps five guests and offers a simple and comfortable living space. It is conveniently located near public transport links, making it easy to explore the city and surrounding areas.

9.9 35 reviews

Iraq

01/09 – 30/09

SG$76/nighttotal: SG$2204 (29 )

Essence

1 2

apartment , Erbil

This Erbil studio apartment is situated in Erbil's most central area, a 0.8km walk from a park and a 1.6km drive from Erbil International Airport.
The self-catering unit, sleeping two guests, boasts a minimalist design, a fully equipped kitchenette (fridge, microwave), air conditioning, and access to a fitness centre and parking; nearby upscale eateries offer high-end dining options.

9.9 28 reviews

Iraq

01/07 – 31/07

SG$80/nighttotal: SG$2400 (30 )

Cozy 1 Br App. Overlooking Erbil

1 2

apartment , Erbil

This Erbil apartment rental is centrally located within a secure compound, offering convenient access to local supermarkets, coffee shops, and restaurants; precise distances to specific Erbil landmarks require further clarification.
The one-bedroom, one-bathroom flat sleeps three guests and includes a kitchen, air conditioning, internet, and parking; further details regarding the floor area and proximity to attractions are needed.

Best apartment offers in Iraq

760 Holiday apartments Iraq

Lejlighed Centralt

Mountain View Garden Villa In Mergapan

The Pearl اللؤلؤة

A House For Exciting Andrelaxing Mud House

2 Bedroom Apt In Harthya 1st Flr

Premier Tigris Waterfront Villa: Secure Compound

Apartment In Basra

شقة Ashur مريحة في موقع هادئ و مميز في الكرادة

Alsajjad Tower

4 Bedroom Apartment In Golden Area

Beautiful House In Mansour

1 Bedrom Apt /Outer Karadah #306

Best family friendly Iraq Holiday Apartments and Self Catering Accommodations

One Bedroom Apt In Abu Nawas # 104

2 Bedrooms 70 Sqm, In Harthya # 402

مشتمل في اجمل منطقة في بغداد

110 Sqm Two Bedrooms Apt# 105

Top cities

Best Holiday Apartments and Self Catering Accommodations in Iraq with a pool

Mountain Nest

Perfect For Family, Great Views.

Private Houses

Frequently asked questions about apartment rentals in Iraq

Best Iraq holiday apartments with air conditioning

Cozy And Stylish

شقة Lavella الفندقية _تجربة سكن راقية بقلب العاصمة

Address: Al-murtada Residential Complex,

Simple Home

Best pet-friendly Iraq holiday apartments

Luxury Apartment Near Mansour Mall

No; 501 Pretty 2 Bedroom Rental Unit

Essence

Cozy 1 Br App. Overlooking Erbil